Aluminiyamu ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofala kwambiri padziko lapansi, komanso imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino muzitsulo.Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aluminiyamu ndi ma aloyi ake amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kutsika kwawo komanso kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa kulemera, kulimba, komanso kukana dzimbiri.Popeza aluminiyamu ndi yocheperako nthawi 2.5 kuposa chitsulo, ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira chitsulo pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuyenda komanso kusuntha.
Pogwira ntchito ndi aluminiyamu pakali pano pali magawo asanu ndi atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aloyi yomwe ilipo.Nkhani yotsatirayi ifotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aluminiyamu yomwe ilipo, mawonekedwe ake akuthupi ndi makina, ndi zina mwazogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
1000 Series - "Pure" Aluminium
Zitsulo zotsatizana 1000 ndizomwe zilipo, zokhala ndi 99% kapena pamwamba pa aluminiyumu.Nthawi zambiri, izi sizosankha zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zilipo, koma zimakhala zogwira ntchito modabwitsa ndipo ndi zosankha zosunthika, zoyenera kupanga zolimba, kupota, kuwotcherera ndi zina zambiri.
Ma alloys amenewa amakhalabe osagwirizana kwambiri ndi dzimbiri ndipo amakhala ndi matenthedwe abwino kwambiri komanso magetsi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino pazinthu zingapo monga kukonza ndi kuyika chakudya, kusungirako mankhwala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi.
2000 Series - Copper Alloys
Ma aloyiwa amagwiritsa ntchito mkuwa monga chinthu chawo chachikulu kuwonjezera pa aluminiyamu ndipo amatha kutenthedwa ndi kutentha kuti awapatse kulimba komanso kulimba, kufanana ndi zitsulo zina.Iwo ali ndi machinability kwambiri ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha mphamvu ndi kulemera;kuphatikiza kwa makhalidwe amenewa kumawapangitsa kukhala odziwika bwino mu makampani opanga ndege.
Choyipa chimodzi cha ma alloys awa ndi kutsika kwawo kwa dzimbiri, motero nthawi zambiri amapakidwa utoto kapena kuvala ndi aloyi yoyera kwambiri pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumatanthauza kuti adzakumana ndi zinthu.
3000 Series - Manganese Aloyi
Mitundu 3000 yama aloyi a manganese ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira komanso ndi zina mwa zisankho zodziwika bwino zomwe zilipo masiku ano.Ali ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi, kukana dzimbiri komanso kugwira ntchito bwino.Mndandandawu uli ndi chimodzi mwazitsulo zotayidwa kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, 3003, zotchuka chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake, kutsekemera kwambiri komanso kumalizidwa kokongola.
Zida zotsatizanazi zitha kupezeka muzinthu zosiyanasiyana zatsiku ndi tsiku monga ziwiya zophikira, zizindikilo, zopondapo, zosungirako ndi zina zambiri zazitsulo zamapepala monga kufolera ndi kuthirira.
4000 Series - Silicon Alloys
Ma aloyi pamndandandawu amaphatikizidwa ndi silicon, ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchepetsa kusungunuka kwazinthu ndikusunga ductility.Pachifukwa ichi, Aloyi 4043 ndi chisankho chodziwika bwino cha waya wowotcherera, choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kokwera komanso kupereka mapeto osalala kuposa njira zina zambiri.
Mndandanda wa 4000 nthawi zambiri umapereka matenthedwe abwino komanso magetsi komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma alloy awa akhale chisankho chodziwika bwino muukadaulo wamagalimoto.
5000 Series - Magnesium Alloys
Ma aloyi 5000 amaphatikizidwa ndi magnesium, koma ambiri amakhala ndi zinthu zina monga manganese kapena chromium.Amapereka kukana kwa dzimbiri kwapadera, kuwapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito zam'madzi monga mabwato a mabwato ndi ntchito zina zamakampani kuphatikiza akasinja osungira, ma valve opanikizika ndi akasinja a cryogenic.
Ma alloys osunthika kwambiriwa amakhala ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi, amawotcherera komanso amayankha bwino pogwira ntchito komanso kupanga.Wina ambiri ntchitowaya wowotchereraamapangidwa kuchokera ku Aloyi 5356, nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa kuti azikongoletsa chifukwa amasunga mtundu wake pambuyo anodising.
6000 Series - Magnesium ndi Silicon Alloys
6000 mndandanda magiredi aluminiyamu muli 0.2-1.8% pakachitsulo ndi 0.35-1.5% magnesium monga zinthu zazikulu alloying.Maphunzirowa amatha kuthandizidwa ndi kutentha kuti awonjezere zokolola zawo.Kuchuluka kwa magnesium-silicide pa ukalamba kumalimbitsa alloy.Kuchuluka kwa silicon kumawonjezera kuuma kwa mvula, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa ductility.Komabe, izi zitha kusinthidwa ndikuwonjezera chromium ndi manganese, zomwe zimafooketsa recrystallization panthawi ya chithandizo cha kutentha.Maphunzirowa ndi ovuta kuwotcherera chifukwa cha kukhudzika kwawo pakusweka, kotero njira zoyenera zowotcherera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Aluminiyamu 6061 ndi yosunthika kwambiri pakati pa ma aluminiyamu omwe amatha kutentha kutentha.Ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri (pogwiritsa ntchito kupindika, kujambula mozama, ndi kupondaponda), kukana kwa dzimbiri, ndipo imatha kuwotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse, kuphatikiza kuwotcherera kwa arc.Ma alloying a 6061 amapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke ndi dzimbiri komanso kupsinjika, ndipo ndizowotcherera komanso zosavuta kupanga.Aluminiyamu 6061 imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yonse ya mawonekedwe a aluminiyamu, kuphatikiza ma ngodya, matabwa, njira, matabwa, mawonekedwe a T, ndi ngodya za radius ndi tapered, zomwe zimatchedwa American Standard matabwa ndi njira.
Aluminiyamu 6063 ili ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, kukana kwa dzimbiri, komanso kutsirizitsa bwino, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga aluminiyamu extrusion.Ndi oyenera anodizing chifukwa akhoza kubala pamalo yosalala pambuyo kupanga akalumikidzidwa zovuta ndipo ali weldability wabwino ndi machinability pafupifupi.Aluminiyamu 6063 amatchedwa zotayidwa zomangamanga chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito njanji, zenera ndi mafelemu zitseko, madenga, ndi balustrade.
Aluminiyamu 6262 ndi aloyi yaulere yokhala ndi mphamvu zamakina komanso kukana dzimbiri.
7000 Series - Zinc Alloys
Ma alloys amphamvu kwambiri omwe alipo, amphamvu kwambiri kuposa mitundu yambiri yazitsulo, mndandanda wa 7000 uli ndi zinc monga chothandizira chawo chachikulu, chokhala ndi chiŵerengero chaching'ono cha magnesium kapena zitsulo zina zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kuti zithandizire kusunga magwiridwe antchito.Kuphatikiza uku kumabweretsa chitsulo cholimba kwambiri, cholimba, chosagwira kupsinjika.
Ma alloy awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale oyendetsa ndege chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo kwamphamvu komanso kulemera kwake, komanso zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku monga zida zamasewera ndi mabampa amgalimoto.
8000 Series - Magawo Ena Aloyi
Mndandanda wa 8000 umaphatikizidwa ndi zinthu zina zosiyanasiyana monga chitsulo ndi lithiamu.Nthawi zambiri, amapangidwira zolinga zenizeni m'mafakitale apadera monga zamlengalenga ndi uinjiniya.Amapereka zinthu zofanana ndi mndandanda wa 1000 koma ndi mphamvu zapamwamba komanso mawonekedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-22-2024